Makalah
TYPE OF PHRASE
D
I
S
U
S
U
N
OLEH :
ADJIE SEPTIYAHADYANTO
ZAINAL ABIDIN
FAHMI
FAKULTAS SYARIAH
UNIVERSITAS AGAMA ISLAM NEGRI
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
CHAPTER IINTRODUCTION........................................................................................ 1
CHAPTER
IIDISCUSSION............................................................................................. 2
TYPE
OF PHRASE.......................................................................................................... 2
VERB
OF PHRASE.......................................................................................................... 3
PREPOSTIONAL
PHRASE............................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER III CLOSING................................................................................................. 6
PREFACE
Praise God Allah Almighty for all the grace , so that I can
complete the preparation of this paper in the form and content of which may be
very simple .
This paper contains about the types of phrases . Hopefully this
paper can be used as a reference , instructions and guidelines , and is also
useful to increase knowledge for the readers .
This paper I admit there are still many shortcomings because of
the experience I have had very less . Therefore I expect the readers to provide
inputs that are build to perfection this paper .
Medan mei 2015
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A phrase is a group of words acting as a single part of
speech and not containing both a subject and a verb. It is a part of a sentence, and does not express a complete
thought. The phrases in the first two sentences of this page are italicized.
The first sentence contains five
phrases: "of words,"
"acting as a single part of speech," "as a single part,"
"of speech," and "not containing both a subject
and a verb." Except for
the phrase beginning with as,all
the phrases are acting as adjectives. The phrase beginning with as is adverbial.
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
Type of
phrase
A. Type of
phrase
A phrase is
a group of words without both a subject and predivcate. Phrases
combine words into a larger unit that can function as a sentence element. For
example, a participial phrase can include adjectives, nouns, prepositions and
adverbs; as a single unit, however, it functions as one big adjective modifying
a noun (or noun phrase). See this overview of phrase for more.
Frase
adalah sekelompok kata-kata tanpa kedua subjek dan predikat . Frase
menggabungkan kata-kata menjadi sebuah unit yang lebih besar yang dapat
berfungsi sebagai elemen kalimat . Sebagai contoh, sebuah frase partisip dapat
mencakup kata sifat , kata benda , kata depan dan kata keterangan ; sebagai
satu kesatuan , bagaimanapun, berfungsi sebagai salah satu sifat besar
memodifikasi kata benda ( nomina atau frase ) . Lihat gambaran ini frase untuk
lebih lanjut .
A phrase is two
or more words that do not contain the subject-verb pair
necessary to form a clause.
Phrases can be very short or quite long.
Sebuah Frase adalah dua kata atau
lebih yang tidak mengandung pasangan subjek - kata kerja yang diperlukan untuk
membentuk klausa . Frase bisa sangat pendek atau cukup panjang .
Here are two
examples:
Berikut adalah dua contoh :
After lunch
setelah makan siang
After slithering
down the stairs and across the road to scare nearly to death Mrs. Philpot busy
pruning her rose bushes.
Setelah merayap menuruni tangga dan di seberang jalan untuk menakut-nakuti hampir mati
Mrs. Philpot sibuk pemangkasan semak-semak mawar nya
Certain phrases have specific names based on the type of word that begins or governs the word group
noun phrase,verb phrase ,prepositionaal phrase ,infinitive phrase ,participle phrase gerund phrase,
and absolute phrase
Frase tertentu memiliki nama tertentu berdasarkan jenis kata yang dimulai atau mengatur
kelompok kata :
frase nomina ,
frase verba ,
frase preposisional
, frase infinitif ,
frasa partisip ,
frase gerund ,
dan frase yang mutlak .
1. Verb Phrases
Sometimes a
sentence can communicate its meaning with a one-word verb. Other times,
however, a sentence will use a verb phrase, a multi-word
verb, to express more nuanced action or condition. A verb phrase can have up to
four parts. The pattern looks like this:
Kadang-kadang kalimat dapat berkomunikasi artinya dengan satu - kata kerja kata . Lain kali ,
namun , kalimat akan menggunakan frase kata kerja , kata kerja multi- kata ,
untuk mengungkapkan tindakan atau kondisi yang lebih bernuansa .
Sebuah frase verba dapat memiliki hingga empat bagian . Pola seperti ini :
Auxiliary
Verb(s) + Main Verb + Verb
Ending When Necessary
KATA KERJA TAMBAHAN ( S ) + UTAMA KERJA + KERJA AKHIR SAAT DIPERLUKAN
Here are some
examples:
Had
cleaned
telah dibersihkan
Had =
auxiliary verb; clean =
main verb; ed = verb ending.
Should
have been writing
Should, have, been =
auxiliary verbs; write =
main verb; ing=
verb ending.
Must
wash
Must =
auxiliary verb; wash =
main verb.
Here are the
verb phrases in action:
Mom had just cleaned the
refrigerator shelves when Lawrence knocked over the pitcher of orange juice
Ibu baru saja membersihkan rak kulkas ketika Lawrence menjatuhkan kendi jus jeruk
2.
Prepositional Phrases
At the minimum,
a prepositional phrase will begin with
a prepostion and end with a noun, pronoun, gerund, or clause, the
"object" of the preposition.
Minimal , frase preposisional akan mulai dengan preposisi dan diakhiri dengan kata benda , kata ganti
, gerund , atau klausa , "objek " dari preposisi
The object of the prepostion will often
have one or more modifiers to describe it.
These are the patterns for a prepositional phrase:
Objek preposisi sering akan memiliki satu atau lebih pengubah untuk menggambarkan hal itu .
Ini adalah pola frase preposisional :
Preposition + Noun,
Pronoun, Gerund, or Clause
Preposition + Modifier(s) + Noun,
Pronoun, Gerund, or Clause
Here are some
examples:
On time
On =
preposition; time =
noun.
Underneath
the sagging yellow couch
Underneath = preposition; the, sagging, yellow = modifiers; couch = noun.
From
eating too much
From =
preposition; eating =
gerund; too, much = modifiers.
A prepositional
phrase will function as an adjective or adverb. As an adjective,
the prepositional phrase will answer the question Which one?
Read these
examples:
The
spider above
the kitchen sink has
just caught a fat fly.
Laba-laba di atas wastafel dapur baru saja menangkap lalat gemuk
Which spider?
The one above
the kitchen sink!
Yang laba-laba ? Satu di atas wastafel dapur !
CHAPTER III
CLOSING
CLOSING
A phrase is a group of words without
both a subject and predicate. Phrases
combine words into a larger unit that can function as a sentence element. For
example, a participial phrase can include adjectives, nouns, prepositions and
adverbs; as a single unit, however, it functions as one big adjective modifying
a noun (or noun phrase).
Verb Phrases
Sometimes
a sentence can communicate its meaning with a one-word verb.
Other times, however, a sentence will use a verb phrase,
a multi-word verb, to express more nuanced action or condition. A verb phrase
can have up to four parts.
Prepositional Phrases
At
the minimum, a prepositional phrase will
begin with a prepostion and
end with a noun, pronoun, gerund,
or clause,
the "object" of the preposition.
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